Three days of the Middle Ages in Ariano Irpino, featuring the burning of the bell tower and the historical pageant of Charles I of Anjou
For three days in August, the historic center of Ariano Irpino, in the province of Avellino, sheds its modern skin. Banners, drapes, artisan workshops, and military camps transport the city back to the 13th century, while hundreds of locals don period costumes to recount the event that gives the festival its name: the Gift of the Holy Thorns. It is one of the most deeply rooted historical re-enactments in inland Campania, built not on tourist artifice, but on the living memory of a community.
Following the death of Frederick II, his son Manfred claimed the Kingdom of Sicily, sparking conflict with the Papacy. Ariano, loyal to the Church, paid a heavy price: in April 1255, besieging troops led by Federico Lancia, Manfred's uncle, infiltrated the city through the deception of fake Saracen deserters from Lucera. This led to the capture, looting, and burning of the town and the Cathedral's bell tower, resulting in numerous casualties—an episode local tradition remembers as the 'Eccidio della Carnale' (Massacre of the Carnale).
In 1266, Charles I of Anjou defeated Manfred at Benevento and became sovereign of the Kingdom. Three years later, in 1269, while passing through Ariano, the King sought to reward the city's loyalty to the Papacy by gifting Bishop Pellegrino two thorns from the Crown of Christ and promising the reconstruction of the town. The two relics, measuring approximately 6 and 5.5 centimeters, are still kept today in crystal ampoules inside a precious silver reliquary in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta: a devotional heritage that has never left Ariano since 1269.
The narrative arc is spread over three evenings, always on August 11th, 12th, and 13th.
The heart of the event lies in the contrade (districts)—including Accoli, Cardito, Cattedrale, Cerreto, Martiri, Orneta, San Liberatore, San Rocco, Santa Barbara, Tressanti, Valleluogo, and Guardia—which compete for the Palio. The season begins in late June, when the solemn ceremony of the investiture of the Captain and the Castellana is held in the Cathedral, official figures representing the districts who kick off the edition.
During the three evenings, the city comes alive with flag-wavers, jesters, musicians, falconry and archery demonstrations, markets, taverns, military camps, and scenes of daily medieval life between the Norman Castle and the Villa Comunale. It is also an opportunity to discover Ariano Irpino as a whole: the 'Tricolle' overlooking the Apennine pass between Campania and Puglia, its ceramics, local wines, and distinctive Irpinian gastronomy.
The re-enactment is organized by the Associazione Rievocazione Storica del Dono delle Sante Spine APS, founded in 1998, with the support of the Municipality of Ariano Irpino, the Diocese of Ariano Irpino-Lacedonia, and the Province of Avellino. Since 2026, it has been part of the Ariano Città dei Grandi Eventi network, which brings together the city's main events—the Ariano International Film Festival, the Ariano Folkfestival, and the Pizza Festival—into a single promotional calendar for the territory.
Reaching the thirtieth edition gives special significance to the 2026 Ariano event, which also coincides with the eighth centenary of the birth of Charles I of Anjou (1226-2026), the absolute protagonist of the re-enactment. A seminar on Angevin heraldry and vexillology at Palazzo Forte was dedicated to the celebration cycle, while in June, over two hundred local schoolchildren marched in a dedicated historical pageant, a sign of how deeply rooted the event is in the community.
The structure of the re-enactment remains consistent: August 11th features the representation of the 1255 capture, destruction, and burning of Ariano, concluding in Piazza Plebiscito with the spectacular burning of the Cathedral bell tower; August 12th hosts the grand historical pageant with hundreds of participants in 13th-century attire, departing from the Norman Castle and heading along Via Castello, Via Tribunali, and Via D'Afflitto toward Piazza Plebiscito and Piazza Duomo, where the gift of the Holy Thorns is staged, followed by the reception of the relics and the solemn celebration of Vespers; August 13th features the Palio delle Contrade, the challenge between the city's districts in the presence of the King and his court, and the historical dinner Buffata De Li Strazzanti in Piazzetta Santo Stefano.
Throughout the event, the historic center hosts medieval camps, taverns, and markets, flag-wavers, jesters, musicians, and demonstrations of falconry and archery. The 2026 edition is part of the Ariano Città dei Grandi Eventi program, the network coordinating the city's main events alongside the Ariano International Film Festival, the Ariano Folkfestival, and the Pizza Festival.
Exact times for the 30th edition are published by the Sante Spine Association on the website santespine.it and on the official Facebook page in the days preceding the event: it is recommended to check them before departing.
By car: A16 Naples-Canosa motorway, exit Grottaminarda, then SS90 delle Puglie towards Ariano Irpino (about 15 km). From Foggia, arrive via the SS90. By train: Ariano Irpino station on the Benevento-Foggia line, connected to the city center by bus; alternatively, reach Benevento or Avellino stations and continue by bus. Nearest airport: Naples-Capodichino (about 100 km).
The re-enactment takes place in the streets and squares of the historic center and is free and open to the public. Only certain side events require payment, particularly the Buffata De Li Strazzanti historical dinner, which requires reservation and includes the rental of a period costume.
The historic center is closed to traffic during the event evenings: it is advisable to leave your car in the parking lots at the base of the town and walk up. The streets of the 'Tricolle' are uphill and often cobbled: comfortable shoes are essential. For the historical pageant and the burning of the bell tower, it is best to arrive in Piazza Plebiscito and Piazza Duomo at least an hour in advance. In August, attendance is high and local accommodation is limited: book well in advance in Ariano Irpino or nearby towns (Grottaminarda, Mirabella Eclano, Savignano Irpino).
Associazione Rievocazione Storica del Dono delle Sante Spine APS — Largo Sant'Andrea 16, via R. D'Afflitto, 83031 Ariano Irpino (AV). Phone +39 328 9056643, e-mail [email protected], website santespine.it.
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Centro storico di Ariano Irpino (Castello Normanno, Piazza Plebiscito, Piazza Duomo)
Piazza Plebiscito, 83031 Ariano Irpino